Effects of Municipal Solid Waste Torrefaction and Classification Pretreatment on Hydrogen Chloride Release

Guangtao Hu; Xing Ning; Borui Zhu; Shuang Wang

doi:doi:10.11648/j.sjee.20210901.12

| Peer-Reviewed

Effects of Municipal Solid Waste Torrefaction and Classification Pretreatment on Hydrogen Chloride Release

Guangtao Hu, Xing Ning, Borui Zhu, Shuang Wang

Published in Science Journal of Energy Engineering (Volume 9, Issue 1)

Received: 28 January 2021 Accepted: 17 February 2021 Published: 27 February 2021

Views: Downloads:

Download PDF

Share This Article

Twitter
Linked In
Facebook

Abstract

The incineration treatment of municipal solid waste is widely used, but gas-phase hydrogen chloride (HCl) generated during the incineration seriously threatens the heating surface of boiler tail, and even causes serious harm to environment. Through incineration experiments, this paper found that many factors (temperature, oxygen concentration, residence time and moisture content) affect the HCl emission characteristics in the process of municipal solid waste incineration treatment. In order to effectively cut back the HCl emission in incineration treatment of municipal solid waste, this paper proposes torrefaction and classification pretreatment of municipal solid waste. Torrefaction pretreatment has a significant inhibitory effect on HCl emission during the incineration of mixed municipal solid waste. At the same time, compared with the incineration treatment of mixed municipal solid waste, sawdust and plastic municipal solid waste of the same quality after classification pretreatment can effectively curb HCl emissions within the entire temperature range. In particular, HCl emissions are reduced by 35% during sawdust incineration treatment at 400°C. Furthermore, by studying the reaction mechanics of HCl generation during combustion at different temperatures, and the reaction rate of HCl generation is: mixed municipal solid waste >plastic >sawdust. Therefore, this paper believes that torrefaction and classification pretreatment of mixed municipal solid waste is beneficial to inhibit the precipitation of chlorine during the incineration process and promotes the resource utilization of municipal solid waste, which is of significant significance for energy conservation and emission reduction.

Published in	Science Journal of Energy Engineering (Volume 9, Issue 1)
DOI	10.11648/j.sjee.20210901.12
Page(s)	8-16
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Municipal Solid Waste (MSW), Torrefaction, Classification, HCl

References

[1]	He, M. Y.; Xiao, B.; Liu, S. M.; Hu, Z. Q.; Guo, X. J.; Luo, S. Y.; Yang, F. Syngas production from pyrolysis of municipal solid waste (MSW) with dolomite as downstream catalysts. J. Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis 2010, 87, 181-187.
[2]	Zhou, H.; Meng, A. H.; Long, Y. Q.; Li, Q. H.; Zhang, Y. G. An overview of characteristics of municipal solid waste fuel in China: physical, chemical composition and heating value. Renew. Sust. Energ. Rev. 2015, 46, 107-122.
[3]	Guo, X. F.; Yang, X. L.; Li, H. B.; Wu, C. Z.; Chen, Y.; Li, F.; Xie, K. C. Release of hydrogen chloride from combustibles in municipal solid waste. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2001, 35, 001-005.
[4]	Abascal, M. B.; Blaesing, M.; Ninomiya, Y.; Mueller, M. Influence of Steam, Hydrogen Chloride, and Hydrogen Sulfide on the Release and Condensation of Cadmium in Gasification. Energ. Fuel. 2016, 55, 943-953.
[5]	Ren, X.; Meng, X.; Panahi A.; Rokni, E.; Sun, R.; Levendis, Y. A. Hydrogen Chloride Release From Combustion of Corn Straw in a Fixed Bed. J. Energ. Resour. Technol. 2018, 140, 011-019.
[6]	Long, Y. Present Situation and Treatment Method of Solid Waste. Energ. Conserv. Environ. Protection 2019, 4, 074-075.
[7]	Mao, K.; Ding, H. X.; Cui, X. A. Summary of flue gas treatment technology of municipal waste incineration power generation plants and recommendations of control optimization. Pollution Control Technol. 2018, 31, 014-017.
[8]	BJÖRKMAN, E.; STRÖMBERG, B. Release of chlorine from biomassat pyrolysis and gasification conditions. Energ. Fuel. 2014, 11, 026-032.
[9]	Yu, M.; Dong, Y.; Wang, P.; Ma, C. Y. Progress of effects of chloride on mercury removal for coal-fired flue gas. Chem. Ind. Eng. Prog. 2012, 31, 610-614.
[10]	Li, X. D.; Yang, Z. C.; Yan, J. H.; Lu, S. Y.; Ni, M. J.; Cen, K. F. HCl Emission During chloride Wastes Combustion Process. J. Chem. Ind. Eng. 2003, 54, 486-489.
[11]	Li, X. D.; Yang, Z. C.; Yan, J. H.; Lu, S. Y.; Ni, M. J.; Cen, K. F. Effects Of Chlorine On HCl And PCDD/Fs Emission In A MSW Incinerator. J. Eng. Thermophs. 2003, 24, 047-050.
[12]	Hua, Z.; Yu, S. Y.; Shao, L. M.; He, P. J. Estimating source strengths of HCl and SO₂ emissions in the flue gas from waste incineration. J. Environ. Sci. 2019, 75, 370-377.
[13]	Frigge, L.; Ströhle, J.; Epple, B. Release of sulfur and chlorine gas species during coal combustion and pyrolysis in an entrained flow reactor. Fuel 2016, 201, 105-110.
[14]	Wey, M. Y.; Liu, K. Y.; Yu, W. J.; Lin, C. L.; Chang, F. Y. Influences of chlorine content on emission of HCl and organic compounds in waste incineration using fluidized beds. Waste Manage. 2008, 28, 406-415.
[15]	Sun, R.; Ismail, T. M.; Ren, X.; El-Salam, M. A. Numerical and experimental studies on effects of moisture content on combustion characteristics of simulated municipal solid wastes in a fixed bed. Waste Manage. 2015, 39, 980-986.
[16]	Meng, X.; Sun, R.; Ismail, T. M.; Yuan, H.; Zhou, W.; Ren, X. Parametric studies on corn combustion characteristics in a fixed Bed: Primary air flow rate and different corn lengths. Appl. Therm. Eng. 2017, 126, 702-716.
[17]	Huang, Y. L.; Liu, X. J.; Zhang, Q. C.; Xu, Y.; Kunte, H.; Roland, D. M. Hydrogen release from carbon steel in chloride solution under anodic polarization. Int. J. Hydrog. Energ. 2020, 45, 307-315.
[18]	Tran, M. P.; Gonzalez, A. P.; Beitia, C.; Lundgren, J.; Moon, S. I.; Fontaine, H. Deposition of hydrogen chloride gas on copper wafer depending on humidity and HCl concentration. Microelectron. Eng. 2019, 207, 001-006.
[19]	Dawe, K. R.; Furlani, T. C.; Kowal, S. F.; Kahan, T. C.; Vandenboer, C.; Young, J. Formation and emission of hydrogen chloride in indoor air. Indoor Air 2019, 29, 070-078.
[20]	Porbatzki, D.; Stemmler, M.; Müller, M. Release of inorganic trace elements during gasification of wood, straw, and miscanthus. Biomass Bioenerg. 2011, 35, 079-086.
[21]	Zhang, C. X; Wang, Y. X.; Yang, Z. H.; Xu, M. H. Chlorine emission and dechlorination in co-firing coal and the residue from hydrochloric acid hydrolysis of Discorea zingiberensis. Fuel 2006, 85, 034-040.
[22]	Wu, P.; Yu, C. J.; Bai, J.; Li, L. M.; Huang, F. Mechanism Study of Chlorine Release During Biomass Pyrolysis. Proc. Chin. Soc. Electrical. Eng. 2013, 33, 001-007.
[23]	Lopez, A.; Marco, I. D.; Caballero, B. M.; Laresgoiti, M. F.; Adrados, A. Dechlorination of fuels in pyrolysis of PVC containing plastic wastes. Fuel Proc. Technol. 2011, 92, 253-260.
[24]	Yuan, G.; Chen, D.; Yin, L.; Wang, Z.; Zhao, L.; Wang, J. Y. High efficiency chlorine removal from polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pyrolysis with a gas-liquid fluidized bed reactor. Waste Manage. 2014, 34, 045-050.
[25]	Ren, X. H.; Rokni, E.; Sun, R.; Meng, X. X.; Levendis, Y. A. Evolution of Chlorine-bearing Gases during Corn Straw Torrefaction at Different Temperatures. Energ. Fuel. 2017, 31, 713-723.
[26]	Liu, G. C.; Liao, Y. F.; Guo, S. D.; Ma, X. Q.; Wu, J. Thermal behavior and kinetics of municipal solid waste during pyrolysis and combustion process. Appl. Therm. Eng. 2016, 98, 400-408.
[27]	Rui, S.; Ismail, T. M.; Ren X. H.; El-Salam, M. A. Effect of ash content on the combustion process of simulated MSW in the fixed bed. Waste Manage. 2015, 48, 236-249.
[28]	Chen, W. H.; Hsu, H. C.; Lu, K. M.; Lee, W. J.; Lin, T. C. Thermal pretreatment of wood (Lauan) block by torrefaction and its influence on the properties of the biomass. Energ. 2011, 36, 012-021.
[29]	Knudsen, J. N.; Jensen, P. A.; Damjohansen, K. Transformation and release to the gas phase of Cl, and S during combustion of annual biomass. Energ. Fuel. 2004, 18, 385-399.
[30]	Montejo, C.; Costa, C.; Ramos, P.; María-del, C. M. Analysis and comparison of municipal solid waste and reject fraction as fuels for incineration plants. Appl. Therm. Eng. 2011, 31, 135-140.
[31]	Zhou, H.; Meng, A. H.; Long, Y. Q.; Li, Q. H.; Zhang, Y. G. An overview of characteristics of municipal solid waste fuel in China: physical, chemical composition and heating value. Energ. Rev. 2014, 36, 107-122.
[32]	Johansen, J. M.; Jakobsen, J. G.; Frandsen, F. J.; Glarborg, P. Release of K, C1, and S during pyrolysis and combustion of high-chlorine biomass. Energ. Fuel. 2011, 25, 961-971.
[33]	Chen, D. Y.; Zheng, Z. C.; Fu K. X.; Zeng, Z.; Wang, J. J.; Lu, M. T. Torrefaction of biomass stalk and its effect on the yield and quality of pyrolysis products. Fuel 2015, 159, 027-032.

Cite This Article

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Guangtao Hu, Xing Ning, Borui Zhu, Shuang Wang. (2021). Effects of Municipal Solid Waste Torrefaction and Classification Pretreatment on Hydrogen Chloride Release. Science Journal of Energy Engineering, 9(1), 8-16. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjee.20210901.12

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Guangtao Hu; Xing Ning; Borui Zhu; Shuang Wang. Effects of Municipal Solid Waste Torrefaction and Classification Pretreatment on Hydrogen Chloride Release. Sci. J. Energy Eng. 2021, 9(1), 8-16. doi: 10.11648/j.sjee.20210901.12

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Guangtao Hu, Xing Ning, Borui Zhu, Shuang Wang. Effects of Municipal Solid Waste Torrefaction and Classification Pretreatment on Hydrogen Chloride Release. Sci J Energy Eng. 2021;9(1):8-16. doi: 10.11648/j.sjee.20210901.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.sjee.20210901.12,
  author = {Guangtao Hu and Xing Ning and Borui Zhu and Shuang Wang},
  title = {Effects of Municipal Solid Waste Torrefaction and Classification Pretreatment on Hydrogen Chloride Release},
  journal = {Science Journal of Energy Engineering},
  volume = {9},
  number = {1},
  pages = {8-16},
  doi = {10.11648/j.sjee.20210901.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjee.20210901.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.sjee.20210901.12},
  abstract = {The incineration treatment of municipal solid waste is widely used, but gas-phase hydrogen chloride (HCl) generated during the incineration seriously threatens the heating surface of boiler tail, and even causes serious harm to environment. Through incineration experiments, this paper found that many factors (temperature, oxygen concentration, residence time and moisture content) affect the HCl emission characteristics in the process of municipal solid waste incineration treatment. In order to effectively cut back the HCl emission in incineration treatment of municipal solid waste, this paper proposes torrefaction and classification pretreatment of municipal solid waste. Torrefaction pretreatment has a significant inhibitory effect on HCl emission during the incineration of mixed municipal solid waste. At the same time, compared with the incineration treatment of mixed municipal solid waste, sawdust and plastic municipal solid waste of the same quality after classification pretreatment can effectively curb HCl emissions within the entire temperature range. In particular, HCl emissions are reduced by 35% during sawdust incineration treatment at 400°C. Furthermore, by studying the reaction mechanics of HCl generation during combustion at different temperatures, and the reaction rate of HCl generation is: mixed municipal solid waste >plastic >sawdust. Therefore, this paper believes that torrefaction and classification pretreatment of mixed municipal solid waste is beneficial to inhibit the precipitation of chlorine during the incineration process and promotes the resource utilization of municipal solid waste, which is of significant significance for energy conservation and emission reduction.},
 year = {2021}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Effects of Municipal Solid Waste Torrefaction and Classification Pretreatment on Hydrogen Chloride Release
AU  - Guangtao Hu
AU  - Xing Ning
AU  - Borui Zhu
AU  - Shuang Wang
Y1  - 2021/02/27
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjee.20210901.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.sjee.20210901.12
T2  - Science Journal of Energy Engineering
JF  - Science Journal of Energy Engineering
JO  - Science Journal of Energy Engineering
SP  - 8
EP  - 16
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2376-8126
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjee.20210901.12
AB  - The incineration treatment of municipal solid waste is widely used, but gas-phase hydrogen chloride (HCl) generated during the incineration seriously threatens the heating surface of boiler tail, and even causes serious harm to environment. Through incineration experiments, this paper found that many factors (temperature, oxygen concentration, residence time and moisture content) affect the HCl emission characteristics in the process of municipal solid waste incineration treatment. In order to effectively cut back the HCl emission in incineration treatment of municipal solid waste, this paper proposes torrefaction and classification pretreatment of municipal solid waste. Torrefaction pretreatment has a significant inhibitory effect on HCl emission during the incineration of mixed municipal solid waste. At the same time, compared with the incineration treatment of mixed municipal solid waste, sawdust and plastic municipal solid waste of the same quality after classification pretreatment can effectively curb HCl emissions within the entire temperature range. In particular, HCl emissions are reduced by 35% during sawdust incineration treatment at 400°C. Furthermore, by studying the reaction mechanics of HCl generation during combustion at different temperatures, and the reaction rate of HCl generation is: mixed municipal solid waste >plastic >sawdust. Therefore, this paper believes that torrefaction and classification pretreatment of mixed municipal solid waste is beneficial to inhibit the precipitation of chlorine during the incineration process and promotes the resource utilization of municipal solid waste, which is of significant significance for energy conservation and emission reduction.
VL  - 9
IS  - 1
ER  -

Copy | Download

Author Information

Guangtao Hu

School of Energy Engineering, Yulin University, Yulin, China
Xing Ning

School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
Borui Zhu

School of Energy Engineering, Yulin University, Yulin, China
Shuang Wang

School of Energy Engineering, Yulin University, Yulin, China

Download PDF

Sections

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Guangtao Hu, Xing Ning, Borui Zhu, Shuang Wang. (2021). Effects of Municipal Solid Waste Torrefaction and Classification Pretreatment on Hydrogen Chloride Release. Science Journal of Energy Engineering, 9(1), 8-16. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjee.20210901.12

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Guangtao Hu; Xing Ning; Borui Zhu; Shuang Wang. Effects of Municipal Solid Waste Torrefaction and Classification Pretreatment on Hydrogen Chloride Release. Sci. J. Energy Eng. 2021, 9(1), 8-16. doi: 10.11648/j.sjee.20210901.12

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Guangtao Hu, Xing Ning, Borui Zhu, Shuang Wang. Effects of Municipal Solid Waste Torrefaction and Classification Pretreatment on Hydrogen Chloride Release. Sci J Energy Eng. 2021;9(1):8-16. doi: 10.11648/j.sjee.20210901.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.sjee.20210901.12,
  author = {Guangtao Hu and Xing Ning and Borui Zhu and Shuang Wang},
  title = {Effects of Municipal Solid Waste Torrefaction and Classification Pretreatment on Hydrogen Chloride Release},
  journal = {Science Journal of Energy Engineering},
  volume = {9},
  number = {1},
  pages = {8-16},
  doi = {10.11648/j.sjee.20210901.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjee.20210901.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.sjee.20210901.12},
  abstract = {The incineration treatment of municipal solid waste is widely used, but gas-phase hydrogen chloride (HCl) generated during the incineration seriously threatens the heating surface of boiler tail, and even causes serious harm to environment. Through incineration experiments, this paper found that many factors (temperature, oxygen concentration, residence time and moisture content) affect the HCl emission characteristics in the process of municipal solid waste incineration treatment. In order to effectively cut back the HCl emission in incineration treatment of municipal solid waste, this paper proposes torrefaction and classification pretreatment of municipal solid waste. Torrefaction pretreatment has a significant inhibitory effect on HCl emission during the incineration of mixed municipal solid waste. At the same time, compared with the incineration treatment of mixed municipal solid waste, sawdust and plastic municipal solid waste of the same quality after classification pretreatment can effectively curb HCl emissions within the entire temperature range. In particular, HCl emissions are reduced by 35% during sawdust incineration treatment at 400°C. Furthermore, by studying the reaction mechanics of HCl generation during combustion at different temperatures, and the reaction rate of HCl generation is: mixed municipal solid waste >plastic >sawdust. Therefore, this paper believes that torrefaction and classification pretreatment of mixed municipal solid waste is beneficial to inhibit the precipitation of chlorine during the incineration process and promotes the resource utilization of municipal solid waste, which is of significant significance for energy conservation and emission reduction.},
 year = {2021}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Effects of Municipal Solid Waste Torrefaction and Classification Pretreatment on Hydrogen Chloride Release
AU  - Guangtao Hu
AU  - Xing Ning
AU  - Borui Zhu
AU  - Shuang Wang
Y1  - 2021/02/27
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjee.20210901.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.sjee.20210901.12
T2  - Science Journal of Energy Engineering
JF  - Science Journal of Energy Engineering
JO  - Science Journal of Energy Engineering
SP  - 8
EP  - 16
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2376-8126
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjee.20210901.12
AB  - The incineration treatment of municipal solid waste is widely used, but gas-phase hydrogen chloride (HCl) generated during the incineration seriously threatens the heating surface of boiler tail, and even causes serious harm to environment. Through incineration experiments, this paper found that many factors (temperature, oxygen concentration, residence time and moisture content) affect the HCl emission characteristics in the process of municipal solid waste incineration treatment. In order to effectively cut back the HCl emission in incineration treatment of municipal solid waste, this paper proposes torrefaction and classification pretreatment of municipal solid waste. Torrefaction pretreatment has a significant inhibitory effect on HCl emission during the incineration of mixed municipal solid waste. At the same time, compared with the incineration treatment of mixed municipal solid waste, sawdust and plastic municipal solid waste of the same quality after classification pretreatment can effectively curb HCl emissions within the entire temperature range. In particular, HCl emissions are reduced by 35% during sawdust incineration treatment at 400°C. Furthermore, by studying the reaction mechanics of HCl generation during combustion at different temperatures, and the reaction rate of HCl generation is: mixed municipal solid waste >plastic >sawdust. Therefore, this paper believes that torrefaction and classification pretreatment of mixed municipal solid waste is beneficial to inhibit the precipitation of chlorine during the incineration process and promotes the resource utilization of municipal solid waste, which is of significant significance for energy conservation and emission reduction.
VL  - 9
IS  - 1
ER  -

Copy | Download