The Estimation of Dose Relationships for the Inhalation of Radon and the Difference in Activities During the Year Using RAD7 in Iraq
Yousif Muhsin Zayir AL-Bakhat,
Batool Fayidh Mohammed,
Takrid Muneam Nafae,
Nidhala H. K. AL-ANI,
Abbas Alamiry
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 5, October 2017
Pages:
109-123
Received:
1 July 2017
Accepted:
18 July 2017
Published:
31 October 2017
Abstract: Exposure to radon and its daughters is one of the important contributions for radiation doses to the publics. In this study, concentrations of radon gas were measured in air at Al-Tuwaitha Nuclear Site and some surrounding areas. Measurements were achieved by RAD7 (radon detector), manufactured by DURRIDGE COMPANY Inc. Indoor radon concentration plays a vital role in the total effective dose in the indoor environments. The measurement of the indoor radon concentrations ranged from (4.96±4.4 to 102±25) Bq/m3 this high value of radon has been found at Decommissioning Directorate /emergency room, which is lower than the action value recommended by the EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) which is (148 Bq/m3) while the lowest value has been founded in the Central Laboratories Directorate \ models Room. These values were used to calculate the annual effective dose, the dose exposed to the soft tissues other than the lungs Dsoft tissue, the dose rate due to alpha-radiation Dlung and the effective dose equivalent rate Heff. The values of the annual effective doses for 222Rn inhalation by the people were calculated and ranged from (0.124992 to 2.5704) mSv/y these result are lower than the value of (10 mSv/y) recommended by the ICRP (International Commission on Radiological Protection). It has been observed that winter concentration of indoor radon are greater than summer concentrations. The higher amount in the winter is attributed to the observation that people normally keep their windows closed during the winter, allowing indoor radon concentrations to rise. The lower radon concentrations in the summer might occur because people often open their windows, allowing low-radon outside air to enter the home. The results from this study show that the region has background radioactivity levels within the natural limits.
Abstract: Exposure to radon and its daughters is one of the important contributions for radiation doses to the publics. In this study, concentrations of radon gas were measured in air at Al-Tuwaitha Nuclear Site and some surrounding areas. Measurements were achieved by RAD7 (radon detector), manufactured by DURRIDGE COMPANY Inc. Indoor radon concentration pl...
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An Economic Analysis on the Viability of Harnessing Wind Energy for Power Generation in Kaduna State, Nigeria
Onwumere Michael,
Dogara Matoh Dary,
Aboh Hycinth,
Gyuk Philip,
Akutson Seth,
Akuso Jonah
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 5, October 2017
Pages:
124-129
Received:
7 April 2017
Accepted:
20 April 2017
Published:
8 November 2017
Abstract: This paper presents an economic analysis on the viability of harnessing wind power for power generation in Kaduna State, based on wind data analysis of Kaduna and Zaria. The available wind power density of both Kaduna and Zaria of 246.69 W/m2 and 296.76 W/m2 respectively shows that Kaduna and Zaria can harness wind power for power generation at utility scale. How economical this would be in the long run is what this paper seeks to analyse. The one-time cost of planting a 300MW capacity wind turbines in either Kaduna or Zaria was found to be $716,680,000, which does not include the annual variable costs of $17,927,750.2. With the assumption that capital would be loaned from a bank at 7% interest to pay back in 30 years, the annual capital payment is estimated to be $57,754,663.67. Considering capacity factor, line losses, and a total annual costs of $90,121,079.79, the average cost of electricity per kWh was estimated as $0.0909.
Abstract: This paper presents an economic analysis on the viability of harnessing wind power for power generation in Kaduna State, based on wind data analysis of Kaduna and Zaria. The available wind power density of both Kaduna and Zaria of 246.69 W/m2 and 296.76 W/m2 respectively shows that Kaduna and Zaria can harness wind power for power generation at uti...
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